Planes stay up in the air because of their wings. The plane’s engines push air back, making the plane move forward. The shape of the wings (curved on top and flat on the bottom), cause air to flow over the top faster than air flowing under the wings, this creates low pressure over the top of the wing and high pressure under it, which lifts the plane and stops it from falling out of the sky.
Not my area of engineering, but hopefully that makes some sense.
Other things to consider are:
1) The faster you go, the greater the lift. So large heavy aircraft need to travel fast!
2) The faster you go, the larger the drag – so engines have to do more work – burn more fuel!
So the engineering challenge is quite complicated
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